Plan de prevención de grandes incendios forestales en la comarca forestal del Hoyo de Pinares (Ávila)

no disponibleGrado en Ingeniería Forestal y del Medio Natura

Contribución en el ámbito de la tecnología sensorless para la detección de la velocidad y posición en motores dc monitorizando únicamente la corriente: mejora de la precisión, minimización del coste computacional y aplicabilidad a motores de alta potencia

Actualmente en muchas aplicaciones es necesario conocer la velocidad y posición de un motor. Esto puede ser conseguido mediante observadores convencionales como son encoders, tacómetros o resolvers, o mediante observadores sensorless. Los observadores sensorless son técnicas que miden la tensión y/o la corriente y estiman la velocidad y posición. En motores DC, los observadores sensorless se dividen en tres grupos, los basados en el modelo dinámico, los basados en la componente ripple y los basados en la combinación del modelo dinámico y la componente ripple. Este trabajo presenta tres nuevos métodos donde cada uno de ellos presenta una mejora frente a los observadores sensorless existentes que monitorizan únicamente la corriente para la estimación de la velocidad y/o posición. El primer método funciona en motores dc de baja potencia, se basa en la componente ripple e intenta minimizar el efecto del ruido. El segundo método funciona en motores DC de baja potencia, se basa en la componen ripple e intenta minimizar el coste computacional. El tercer método funciona en motores DC de alta potencia, en este caso una nueva teoría sobre las componentes espectrales de la corriente ha sido desarrollada, y en esta teoría se basa para realizar la estimación. Finalmente los tres métodos han sido testeados y medida su precisión dando como resultado que tienen una precisión aceptable.Departamento de Teoría de la Señal y Comunicaciones e Ingeniería Telemátic

Calibración de parámetros de infiltración y rugosidad con un modelo numérico para riego con surcos cerrados

[ES] Se presenta la calibración de los parámetros que intervienen en las ecuaciones de infiltración de Green y Ampty de rugosidad de Manning, a través del empleo de un modelo hidrodinámico completo en diferencias finitas para riego con surcos cerrados que resuelve las ecuaciones de Saint-Venant. Se muestran los resultados obtenidos en tres ensayos realizados en un surco cerrado de 50 m y, en un apéndice, el ajuste de la curva de avance en un surco cerrado de 150 m. Se concluye que el modelo numérico es aceptable para reproducir las tres fases del riego con surcos cerrados (avance, llenado y receso), por lo que puede ser empleado en el proceso de diseño para riego con surcos cerrados.Vázquez Fernández, E.; Gracia Sánchez, J. (1998). Calibración de parámetros de infiltración y rugosidad con un modelo numérico para riego con surcos cerrados. Ingeniería del Agua. 5(3):11-16. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.1998.2761SWORD111653Bautista, E. y Wallender W. W. (1992) Hydrodynamic Furrow Irrigation Model with Specified Space Steps. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Vol. 118, No. 3.Bautista, E. y Wallender W. W. (1993) Reliability of Optimized Furrow-Infiltracion Parameters. J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Vol. 119, No. 5.Chu, S. T. (1978) Infiltration During an Unsteady Rain. Water Resources Research. Vol. 14, No. 3.Elliot, R. L., Walker W. R. y Skogerboe G. B. (1982) Zero-Inertia Modeling of Furrow Irrigation Advance. J. of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, ASCE, Vol. 108, No. IR3.Juana, L. y Losada A. (1994) Semejanza Hidrodinámica en Riegos por Superficie. Ingeniería del Agua, Vol. 1, No. 1, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia.Rendón, P. L, Fuentes R. C. y Magaña S. G. (1995) Diseño Simplificado del Riego por Gravedad. Memorias del VI Congreso Nacional de Irrigación, Chapingo, México.Sánchez, J. L. y Fuentes O. A. (1992) Posibilidades de Incrementar la Eficiencia del Riego por Surcos. Informe Interno del Instituto de Ingeniería, UNAM.Schmitz, G H. and Seus G. J. (1992) Mathematical Zero-Inertia Modeling of Surface Irrigation: Advance n Furrows. J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Vol. 118, No. 1.Vázquez, E. (1994) Calibración de un Modelo Hidrodinámico para Riego por Surcos y Aplicaciones al étodo de Corte Posterior. Revista de Ingeniería, Vol. XIV, No. 4, UNAM.Wallender, W. W. y Rayej M. (1990) Shooting Method for Saint-Venant Equations of Furrow Irrigation. J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Vol. 116, No. 1.Wylie, E. B. and Streeter V. L. (1978) Fluid Transients. McGraw-Hill.Yu, F. X. y Singh V. P. (1990) Analytical Model for Furrow Irrigation. J. of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Vol. 116, No.

GRASSP: a spectrograph for the study of transient luminous events

We present the main parameters, design features, and optical characterization of the Granada Sprite Spectrograph and Polarimeter (GRASSP), a ground- based spectrographic system intended for the analysis of the spectroscopic signature of transient luminous events (TLEs) occurring in the mesosphere of the Earth. It has been designed to measure the spectra of the light emitted from TLEs with a mean spectral resolution of 0.235 nm and 0.07 nm/px dispersion in the wavelength range between 700 and 800 nm. (C) 2016 Optical Society of AmericaSpanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) (ESP2013-48032-C5-5-R, ESP2015-69909-C5-2-R, FIS2014-61774-EXP); European Union FEDER Program; Ramon y Cajal Contract (RYC-2011-07801).Peer reviewe

Jejuno-colonic anastomosis to restore intestinal continuity in a case of intestinal failure due to type I short bowel syndrome

Short bowel syndrome is a rare surgical complication associated with high morbidity and mortality, significant decrease in quality of life and increasing costs to the healthcare system. In some cases, this condition can be mitigated and even reversed if the intestinal transit is restored with a minimum of 75-100 centimeters of small intestine and a segment of the colon. Some of the surgical techniques available within autologous gastrointestinal reconstruction are Serial transverse enteroplasty (STEP), Longitudinal intestinal lengthening (LILT), and as a last resort, intestinal transplantation. We presented a case of intestinal failure due to type I short bowel syndrome who improved in clinical stage from D4 to D2 after intestinal continuity restitution was performed with a jejuno-colonic anastomosis

Vocational Counseling and Training for Medical Degrees

Deciding on a university degree is undoubtedly a difficult choice. This situation brings about fear of failing and disappointing yourself and others, which is a common feeling among high school students, becoming a source of anxiety and stress. This demonstrates the need for an appropriate vocational and professional guidance. In Cuba, this subject is gaining importance, since a greater number of youngsters have the opportunity to choose from more professions; thus, deciding on one or the other is a problem of great practical and social impact. Vocational guidance and training in the Cuban educational context aims to reaffirm the inclination of youth towards medical studies, where they fully develop their potential, on the basis of consolidating values and feelings, and a high social, moral and unconditional commitment to the practice of the profession. This paper presents various issues that currently affect vocational guidance and the role of each of the major participants in the process itself

Three Decades of Behavioural Economics in Agriculture. An Overview of Global Research

Over the last three decades, behavioural economics has been gaining ground in the research on a wide range of agriculture-related themes. This is due to the diversity of the agents involved in the production systems and the agro-food value chains in which opposing interests must be reconciled. The main objective of this study is to examine the dynamics of the research on the application of behavioural economics in agriculture across the world. To do this, a bibliometric analysis has been carried out through a literature review of the period between 1991 and 2020. The results of the study show that the use of behavioural economics has increased in the research on agriculture, particularly over the last five years. The application of behavioural economics in agriculture has focused on analysing consumers, producers, management, marketing, development, environmental issues, climate change, food and health

Experimental Economics in Agriculture: A Review of Worldwide Research

Over the last two decades, experimental economics has been gaining relevance in the research of a wide range of issues related to agriculture. In turn, the agricultural activity provides an excellent field of study within which to validate the use of instruments employed by experimental economics. The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of the research on the application of experimental economics in agriculture on a global level. Thus, a literature review has been carried out for the period between the years 2000 and 2020 based on a bibliometric study. The main results show that there has been a growing use of experimental economics methods in the research on agriculture, particularly over the last five years. This evolution is evident in the different indicators analyzed and is reflected in the greater scientific production and number of actors involved. The most relevant topics within the research on experimental economics in agriculture focus on the farmer, the markets, the consumer, environmental policy, and public goods. These results can be useful for policy makers and researchers interested in this line of research

Impacto diferenciado de la normativa hídrica gubernamental en función de la posición geográfica de dos localidades en la subcuenca del Río Grande y Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello; Chiapas, México

The relationship between strategic interests and basic needs in the face of a powerful naturalheritage such as the Lagunas de Montebello National Park, evidenced important conflictsbetween public policy and the beneficiary population, both at the level of the ordering ofeconomic activities inside and outside said natural space, as well as to the level of qualityof life of the population settled there, based on the right to water. The deficiencies thatare faced in the distant localities of the park indicate the need for the design and planningof public agendas to take into account what happens at ground level, since, after havingdocumented the experiences, there are lessons learned to be taken up again. It is urgentto establish bridges of dialogue between the designers of public policies and the localitiesto ensure the governmental and civil co-responsibility in political life, which helps to bettersolve the expected impacts. Evidencing the dynamics of social disadvantages from itsrereading implies weighing the differentiated effects of spatial circumstances, since beinggeographical conditions such as relative distance explains the role of certain administrativeguidelines that feed back into social vulnerability.La relación entre intereses estratégicos y necesidades básicas ante un potente acervonatural como el Parque Nacional Lagunas de Montebello evidenciaron conflictosimportantes entre la política pública y la población beneficiaria, tanto al nivel delordenamiento de actividades económicas dentro y fuera de dicho espacio natural, comoal nivel de calidad de vida de la población ahí asentada, en función del derecho al agua.Las carencias que se afrontan en las localidades distantes del parque señalan lanecesidad de que el diseño y planeación de las agendas públicas tome en consideración loque sucede al nivel del piso, pues, tras haber documentado las experiencias, haylecciones aprendidas por retomar. Urge establecer puentes de diálogo entre los diseñadores de políticas públicas y las localidades para asegurar la corresponsabilidad gubernamental y civil en la vida política, que ayude a solventar mejorlos impactos esperados. Evidenciando la dinámica de desventajas sociales a partir de surelectura implica sopesar los efectos diferenciados de las circunstancias espaciales, ya queestar condiciones geográficas como la distancia relativa, explica el papel de ciertas pautasadministrativas que realimenta en la vulnerabilidad social

Overview of Research on Sustainable Agriculture in Developing Countries. The Case of Mexico

One of the principal challenges faced by Mexican agriculture is the development of management models that are able to increase production while respecting the environment and generating wealth for society as a whole. In recent years, the number of studies analysing the sustainability of Mexican agriculture has grown significantly. The purpose of this study is to analyse the evolution of the research on the sustainability of agriculture in Mexico. For this purpose, a review and bibliometric analysis of a sample of 867 articles was carried out. The results reveal that the research has focused on the development of sustainable agricultural models in vulnerable rural areas, the sustainable exploitation of agroforestry systems, the development of energy crops for different uses, water resource management and land uses and their changes, conservation farming and climate change. Although research focused on sustainability is still in its early stages, it has become a priority field. A need to promote research from the economic and social disciplines may be observed, together with holistic projects that include the three pillars of sustainability (social, economic and environmental). This study could be useful to researchers in this field as it identifies the recent trends and principal agents that drive knowledge